《中華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)國(guo)民(min)經濟和(he)(he)社會發展第十四(si)個五年規(gui)(gui)劃和(he)(he)2035年遠景目標綱要(yao)(yao)》(以下簡(jian)稱(cheng)《規(gui)(gui)劃綱要(yao)(yao)》)提出(chu)：“深(shen)入打好(hao)污染防治攻堅戰(zhan)，建立(li)健全環境治理(li)體(ti)系，推進精準、科學、依(yi)法(fa)(fa)、系統治污”。深(shen)入打好(hao)污染防治攻堅戰(zhan)，關乎民(min)生福祉(zhi)，關系人(ren)(ren)與自然和(he)(he)諧共生的現代化建設成效。必須突出(chu)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)治污，建立(li)健全相關制(zhi)度(du)(du)規(gui)(gui)定和(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)，充分發揮制(zhi)度(du)(du)規(gui)(gui)定和(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)對于(yu)污染防治的推動和(he)(he)保障作(zuo)用，更好(hao)將制(zhi)度(du)(du)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)轉化為(wei)治理(li)效能。

　　習(xi)近平總書記指(zhi)出：“只有(you)(you)實行(xing)最(zui)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、最(zui)嚴(yan)密(mi)的(de)法治(zhi)，才能為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設(she)提供可靠(kao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障。”中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色社會(hui)主義進(jin)入新時(shi)代，以習(xi)近平同志為核(he)心的(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)央高度(du)(du)(du)(du)重視(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)，堅決向污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)宣戰，污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)力(li)度(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)大、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)出臺頻(pin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)密(mi)、監管執法尺度(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)嚴(yan)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量改(gai)善速度(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)快前所未有(you)(you)。出臺《關于加快推進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設(she)的(de)意見(jian)》《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革總體方案》等宏觀層面(mian)(mian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)設(she)計(ji)(ji)，統籌生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設(she)全局，深入推進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革;相繼出臺《大氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》《水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》《土壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》等中(zhong)觀層面(mian)(mian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)設(she)計(ji)(ji)，鐵(tie)腕治(zhi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)入新常(chang)態(tai)(tai)(tai);實行(xing)河(he)(湖)長制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、領導(dao)干部自然資(zi)(zi)源資(zi)(zi)產離任審計(ji)(ji)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)損害(hai)賠償(chang)等微觀層面(mian)(mian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)設(she)計(ji)(ji)，覆(fu)蓋生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)神經(jing)末梢，構建起最(zui)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)體系。在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、監管和(he)執法上，實施(shi)“史上最(zui)嚴(yan)”的(de)新環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法，頒布修訂大氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)法、水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)法、土壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)法等法律法規(gui)，構筑起嚴(yan)密(mi)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法治(zhi)網(wang)。

　　制度(du)的(de)(de)生(sheng)命力在于執行。近年來(lai)，用最嚴格制度(du)最嚴密法治(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)，已經成為(wei)全黨全社會的(de)(de)共識和行動。各地(di)區各部門注重(zhong)發(fa)揮制度(du)規定和法律法規對于污染(ran)防治(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)障作(zuo)用，聚焦打贏(ying)藍天保(bao)衛戰(zhan)等標(biao)志(zhi)性(xing)戰(zhan)役，集中(zhong)力量(liang)攻克(ke)人民群眾身邊(bian)的(de)(de)突(tu)出(chu)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)問題。“十三五(wu)”時期(qi)，污染(ran)防治(zhi)力度(du)加(jia)大，主要污染(ran)物(wu)排放總量(liang)減少目標(biao)超額(e)完成，資源利用效率顯(xian)(xian)著提升(sheng)，生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)明顯(xian)(xian)改善(shan)。與2015年相比(bi)，2019年全國地(di)表水優良(liang)水質(zhi)斷面(mian)比(bi)例(li)上升(sheng)8.9個(ge)百分點，劣Ⅴ類斷面(mian)比(bi)例(li)下(xia)降(jiang)6.3個(ge)百分點;細顆粒(li)物(wu)(PM2.5)未(wei)達標(biao)地(di)級及(ji)以上城市(shi)年均濃度(du)下(xia)降(jiang)23.1%，全國337個(ge)地(di)級及(ji)以上城市(shi)空(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)年均優良(liang)天數比(bi)例(li)達到82%。生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)改善(shan)不(bu)僅體現在監測數據的(de)(de)變化(hua)上，更體現在望得見的(de)(de)青山(shan)、看得見的(de)(de)綠(lv)水、呼吸(xi)得到的(de)(de)清新空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)。從云(yun)南楚雄到江蘇宜興，從黑龍江漠河到廣西東興，越來(lai)越多(duo)的(de)(de)地(di)方入選(xuan)國家(jia)生(sheng)態文明建設示范市(shi)縣名單，正在共同繪就一幅青山(shan)常(chang)(chang)在、綠(lv)水長流(liu)、空(kong)氣(qi)常(chang)(chang)新的(de)(de)美麗中(zhong)國畫卷。

　　同時(shi)要(yao)看(kan)到，我國生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)仍處(chu)(chu)于壓(ya)力疊加、負(fu)重前行的關鍵期，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)質量改善成效并不(bu)穩固，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)任(ren)(ren)重道遠。“十四(si)五”時(shi)期，必須圍繞《規劃綱要(yao)》提(ti)出的持續(xu)改善環(huan)境(jing)質量的重點(dian)任(ren)(ren)務和(he)主要(yao)舉措，堅(jian)(jian)持方向不(bu)變、力度(du)不(bu)減(jian)，推進精準、科學、依法、系(xi)統治污，深(shen)入(ru)打好污染防(fang)(fang)治攻堅(jian)(jian)戰(zhan)。加強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)創新(xin)，增(zeng)加制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)供給，完善制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)配套，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)執行，讓制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)成為(wei)剛性約束和(he)不(bu)可觸碰的高壓(ya)線，進一(yi)步發(fa)揮(hui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的保障作用。深(shen)入(ru)開展污染防(fang)(fang)治行動，堅(jian)(jian)持源(yuan)頭防(fang)(fang)治、綜合施策，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)多污染物協同控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)區域協同治理(li)。全(quan)(quan)面提(ti)升環(huan)境(jing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施水平(ping)，構(gou)建(jian)(jian)集污水、垃圾、固廢、危廢、醫廢處(chu)(chu)理(li)處(chu)(chu)置設(she)施和(he)監測監管能(neng)力于一(yi)體的環(huan)境(jing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施體系(xi)，形(xing)成由城(cheng)市向建(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鎮和(he)鄉村延伸覆蓋(gai)的環(huan)境(jing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施網絡。嚴密防(fang)(fang)控環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)重點(dian)風(feng)險(xian)源(yuan)評(ping)估預警和(he)應急處(chu)(chu)置機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。積極應對氣候變化(hua)(hua)，完善能(neng)源(yuan)消費總量和(he)強(qiang)度(du)雙控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，重點(dian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)消費。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)現代(dai)環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)體系(xi)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)地上地下(xia)、陸海統籌的生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。

　　深入打(da)好污染防治攻(gong)堅(jian)戰是一場大仗、硬仗、苦仗，必須持續用力、久(jiu)久(jiu)為功。要用制度(du)和(he)法治利劍(jian)明晰生態保(bao)護紅(hong)線，帶動全社會自覺(jue)尊崇制度(du)、嚴格執行制度(du)、堅(jian)決(jue)維護制度(du)，提高生態環境(jing)質量改善的(de)速度(du)，提供更多優(you)質生態產(chan)品，不斷(duan)滿足人民群眾日益增長(chang)的(de)優(you)美生態環境(jing)需要，讓藍天白(bai)云永(yong)駐、綠水青山長(chang)留(liu)。

來源：人民日報